Self-Adaptive Control System for Additive Manufacturing Using Double Electrode Micro Plasma Arc Welding

Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)has been investigated to deposit large-scale metal parts due to its high deposition efficiency and low material cost.However,in the process of automatically manufacturing the high-quality metal parts by WAAM,several problems about the heat build-up,the deposit-path optimization,and the stability of the process parameters need to be well addressed.To overcome these issues,a new WAAM method based on the double electrode micro plasma arc welding(DE-MPAW)was designed.The circuit principles of different metal-transfer models in the DE-MPAW deposition process were analyzed theoretically.The effects between the parameters,wire feed rate and torch stand-off distance,in the process of WAAM were investigated experimentally.In addition,a real-time DE-MPAW control system was developed to optimize and stabilize the deposition process by self-adaptively changing the wire feed rate and torch stand-off distance.Finally,a series of tests were performed to evaluate the con-trol system's performance.The results show that the capability against interferences in the process of WAAM has been enhanced by this self-adaptive adjustment system.Further,the deposition paths about the metal part's layer heights in WAAM are simplified.Finally,the appearance of the WAAM-deposited metal layers is also improved with the use of the control system.     

Effect of wear behaviour of single mono- and poly-crystalline cBN grains on the grinding performance of Inconel 718

Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) grains were fabricated by combining the monocrystalline cBN (McBN) nanoparticles and inter-abrasive ceramic materials via high temperature and pressure techniques. Grinding performance of Inconel 718 with single McBN and PcBN grains, including grinding force, force ratio, ground surface quality was investigated. Characterization of the wear morphology evolution of worn grains and scratches of PcBN grains were discussed. In addition, the fracture behaviour of PcBN grains was evaluated as the varying of the undeformed chip thickness. Results show that PcBN grains have the smaller grinding force and force ratio, more stable grain wear rate in comparison to McBN grains. Additionally, the better wear-resistance and grinding performance owing to its multi-cutting edges structure in terms of the grain wear morphology evolution were achieved for PcBN grains regardless of the undeformed chip thickness.     

基于CFD模拟的某低速柴油机排气集管结构优化设计

为判断某低速柴油机排气集管设计的合理性,对该排气集管的内部流场进行了 CFD分析.分析表明:原始排气集管结构设计存在问题.对此进行了优化改进.优化前后的CFD对比分析表明:优化后排气集管内部流道得到改善,内截面速度均匀性提高,压力损失减小,排气集管整体性能得到明显提高.     

Performance investigation on a novel 3D wave flow channel design for PEMFC

Flow field structure can largely determine the output performance of Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. Excellent channel configuration accelerates electrochemical reactions in the catalytic layer, effectively avoiding flooding on the cathode side. In present study, a three-dimensional, multi-phase model of PEMFC with a 3D wave flow channel is established. CFD method is applied to optimize the geometry constructions of three-dimensional wave flow channels. The results reveal that 3D wave flow channel is overall better than straight channel in promoting reactant gases transport, removing liquid water accumulated in microporous layer and avoiding thermal stress concentration in the membrane. Moreover, results show the optimal flow channel minimum depth and wave length of the 3D wave flow channel are 0.45 mm and 2 mm, respectively. Due to the periodic geometric characteristics of the wave channel, the convective mass transfer is introduced, improving gas flow rate in through-plane direction. Furthermore, when the cell output voltage is 0.4 V, the current density in the novel channel is 23.8% higher than that of conventional channel.     

Shape control and stability of multicore millimetre-sized capsules using a combined monoaxial dispersion electrospraying–ionotropic gelation technique

Multicore millimetre-sized fish oil-loaded alginate capsules were developed using a combined monoaxial dispersion electrospraying–ionotropic gelation technique and their stability was explored. By adjusting the preparation parameters, the capsule shapes could be irregular, spherical with a short-tail, spherical, fusiform, and fusiform with a long-tail. The continuous phase of the millimetre-sized capsules consisted of hydrophilic alginate calcium and water. Moreover, the water content increased from 17% to 69% with increased alginate concentration (2.5–30 mg mL⁻¹). The capsules prepared with alginate concentration of 10 mg mL⁻¹ or 20 mg mL⁻¹ show a similar loading ratio (about 5–8%) of fish oil during storage. Headspace solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (HS-SPME-GC-MS) results confirmed the capsules masked the fishy odour of fish oil. Moreover, fish oil slowly migrated from the inside to the outside of the capsules. This work presented a simple method to prepare multicore millimetre-sized capsules with controlled shapes and a basic understanding of the effect of encapsulation using alginate to mask the fish oil odour.     

一种牵引供电系统地震灾害风险评估方法

电气化铁路牵引供电系统的安全可靠至关重要,然而部分地区牵引供电系统面临地震灾害威胁.为有效评估地震灾害下牵引供电系统的风险水平,该文首先采用蒙特卡洛方法模拟地震灾害并得到表征地震动强度的峰值加速度指标;然后通过分析系统主接线,建立系统的有向图逻辑模型,在此基础上,考虑系统停运概率、关键设备损失以及停运时间等因素定义风险指标,提出牵引供电系统地震灾害风险评估方法;最后选取西南地区某规划中的电气化铁路牵引供电系统作为算例,评估系统在地震灾害下的风险.结果表明,该文算法能有效量化牵引供电系统在地震灾害下的风险水平,可实现震后快速损失评估,为灾后抢险、应急物资调配提供参考,也可为牵引供电系统抗震规划提供理论依据.     

油藏中后期减氧空气驱提高采收率机理研究

尕斯库勒油田E¹₃油藏已经进入高含水时期，储采失衡加剧，综合含水率达到了80%以上，原油产量下降，经济效益变差。为了提高油藏原油采出程度、改善油藏开发效果，调研了国内外减氧空气驱的机理研究以及现场试验的资料，建立了以油藏真实孔渗饱数据为基础的一维条形地层机理模型，并选取该油藏Y12-27井组进行了减氧空气驱可行性验证。研究表明:纵向顶部减氧空气驱驱油效果优于水驱和氮气驱；驱替压力对原油采出程度影响不大；注水转注气可以提高原油采出程度；对于减氧空气驱，由于低温氧化反应的作用，氧气浓度对原油采出程度有一定影响，但比较微弱，其中，氧气浓度为10%时，驱替结束采出程度最高；尕斯库勒油田E¹₃油藏属于注水开发“双高”油藏，适用于减氧空气驱；对于该油藏Y12-27井组，顶部减氧空气驱驱油效果好于水驱和氮气驱，建议氧气浓度超过10%时采取关井等措施。     

基于振动特征边缘提取的电缆外力扰动智能感知技术

基于微型传感技术、嵌入式边缘计算和LoRa物联网，提出了一种新型的电缆外力扰动分布式监测技术。并针对LoRa数据传输的低密度、窄带宽要求，基于振动信号的时频特征，提出了一种精简化的特征集、状态集和控制集的单包数据装载方法。通过试验初步获得了电缆振动特征集的典型范围，为建立基于物联网窄带通信方式的电缆外力扰动智能预警系统提供了基础。